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---++ Text Formatting FAQ The most frequently asked questions about text formatting are answered. Also, TextFormattingRules contains the complete TWiki shorthand system on one quick reference page. %TOC% --- ---+++ How do I make a separator? Create a separator - a horizontal rule - by entering three dashes at the beginning of a blank line: =---=. You can enter more than three if you like, for a more visible separator in edit mode: <br /> =--------------= -------------- ---+++ How do I create a heading? You can create six sizes of headings - <h1>...<h6> in HTML - by typing, from the beginning of a line, three dashes (-), from one to six plus signs (+), a space, and your heading text. The FAQ questions on this page are created with: =---+++ Have a question?=. * You can insert a nested table of contents, generated from headings, by placing =%<nop>TOC%= wherever you like on a page (see %TWIKIWEB%.TWikiVariables for more =%<nop>TOC%= options). ----- #TextEnclosed ---+++ Text enclosed in angle brackets like <filename> is not displayed. How can I show it as it is? TWiki interprets text as HTML, and the '<' and '>' characters define where HTML commands start and end. Text _inside_ angle brackets is treated as HTML, and ignored if it doesn't actually do anything - either way, the brackets and its contents are not displayed. If you want to display angle brackets, enter them as HTML codes instead of typing them in directly: * =&lt;= = =<= <br /> =&gt;= = =>= * __You enter:__ =(a &gt; 0)= <p /> __Result:__ =(a > 0)= --- ---+++ Some words appear highlighted, with a "?" link at the end. How can I prevent that? A question mark after a word is a link to a topic that doesn't yet exist - click it to create the new page. This is a TWiki feature - typing a MeaningfulTitle in a comment is an invitation for someone else to add a new branch to the topic. To prevent auto-linking - say you want to enter a word like <nop>JavaScript (the proper spelling!) - prefix the WikiStyleWord with an exclamation point: * =!WikiStyleWord= displays as !WikiStyleWord --- ---+++ How can I write fixed font text? The quickest way is to enclose the text in equal signs: * __You enter:__ =Proportional text, <nop>=fixed font=<nop>, proportional again.= <p /> __Result:__ Proportional text, =fixed font=, proportional again. --- #VerbatimText ---+++ Text I enter gets wrapped around. How can I keep the formatting as it is? TWiki interprets text as HTML, so you can use the =preformatted= HTML option to keep the new line of text as is. Enclose the text in <pre> </pre>, or in TWiki's own <verbatim> </verbatim> tag: <pre> This text will keep its format as it is: <verbatim> Unit Price Qty Cost ------- ------ --- ------ aaa 12.00 3 36.00 </verbatim> </pre> The =pre= tag is standard HTML; =verbatim= is a special TWiki tag that forces text to fixed font mode, and also prevents other tags and TWiki shortcuts from being expanded. --- ---+++ How do I create tables? There are three possibilities: 1 Use Wiki rule with "|" vertical bars. 2 Use HTML tables with <table>, <tr>, <td> tags. 3 Use preformatted text with <verbatim> tags. *1. Use Wiki rule with "|" vertical bars* * Example text: <br> =| cell A1 | cell B1 | cell C1 |= <br> =| cell A2 | cell B2 | cell C2 |= * Example output: | cell A1 | cell B1 | cell C1 | | cell A2 | cell B2 | cell C2 | *2. Use HTML tables with <table>, <tr>, <td> tags* This is a manual process using HTML commands. __You enter:__ <pre> <table border="1"> <tr> <th> Head A </th> <th> Head B </th> </tr><tr> <td> Cell A2 </td> <td> Cell B2 </td> </tr><tr> <td> Cell A3 </td> <td> Cell B3 </td> </tr> </table> </pre> __Result:__ <table border="1"> <tr> <th> Head A </th> <th> Head B </th> </tr><tr> <td> Cell A2 </td> <td> Cell B2 </td> </tr><tr> <td> Cell A3 </td> <td> Cell B3 </td> </tr> </table> *3. Use preformatted text with <verbatim> tags* See [[#VerbatimText]["Text I enter gets wrapped around..."]] --- ---+++ Can I include images on a page? Yes. The easiest way is to [[FileAttachment][attach]] a GIF, JPG or PNG file to a topic and then to place it with: =%<nop>ATTACHURL%/myImage.gif=. This works only for the page that the image is attached to. To place an image on any page, ther are two ways of including inline images. *1. Using URL ending in .gif, .jpg, .jpeg, .png* This is a simple and automatic way of including inline images. Simply write the URL of the image file, this will create the inline image for you. __NOTE:__ The images must be [[#ImgUpload][accessible]] as a URL. * __You enter:__ <code> TWiki <nop>%PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif logo.</code> <br /> __Result:__ TWiki %PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif logo. #ImgUpload You can upload images directly to your server with FTP access. You can also [[FileAttachment][attach]] image files to a topic - you could even create a dedicated image topic, like =ImageLibrary= - and then link to the images directly: * Attach =pic.gif= to =Someweb.SomeTopic= <br /> Display with =<no>%PUBURL%/Someweb/<nop>SomeTopic/pic.gif= *2. Using <img> tag* This is a manual process where you have more control over the rendering of the image. Use the <img> tag of HTML to include GIF, JPG and PNG files. *Note:* The display of the topic is faster if you include the =WIDTH= and =HEIGHT= parameters that have the actual image size. http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/wilbur/special/img.html has more on inline images. * __You enter:__ <code>TWiki <img src="%PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif" width="88" height="31" border="0" alt="logo" /> logo.</code><br /> __Result:__ <br /> TWiki <img src="%PUBURL%/%TWIKIWEB%/TWikiLogos/twikilogo88x31.gif" width="88" height="31" border="0" alt="logo" /> logo. ----- ---+++ Can I write colored text? TWikiPreferences defines some commonly used colors: *%YELLOW% %<nop>YELLOW%%ENDCOLOR%, %RED% %<nop>RED%%ENDCOLOR%, %PINK% %<nop>PINK%%ENDCOLOR%, %PURPLE% %<nop>PURPLE%%ENDCOLOR%, %TEAL% %<nop>TEAL%%ENDCOLOR%, %NAVY% %<nop>NAVY%%ENDCOLOR%, %BLUE% %<nop>BLUE%%ENDCOLOR%, %AQUA% %<nop>AQUA%%ENDCOLOR%, %LIME% %<nop>LIME%%ENDCOLOR%, %GREEN% %<nop>GREEN%%ENDCOLOR%, %OLIVE% %<nop>OLIVE%%ENDCOLOR%, %MAROON% %<nop>MAROON%%ENDCOLOR%, %BLACK% %<nop>BLACK%%ENDCOLOR%, %GRAY% %<nop>GRAY%%ENDCOLOR%, %SILVER% %<nop>SILVER%%ENDCOLOR%* and *%<nop>ENDCOLOR%*. * __You enter:__ =%<nop>RED% red text %<nop>ENDCOLOR% and %<nop>GREEN% green text %<nop>ENDCOLOR%= <p /> __Result:__ %RED% red text %ENDCOLOR% and %GREEN% green text %ENDCOLOR% __Note:__ =%<color>%= text must end with =%<nop>ENDCOLOR%= . If you want to switch from one color to another one you first need to end the active color with =%<nop>ENDCOLOR%=, e.g. write =%<nop>RED% some text %<nop>ENDCOLOR% %<nop>GREEN% more text %<nop>ENDCOLOR%=. If you need more colors you can use HTML, like =<font color="#ff0000"> red text </font>=. You can also use the up-to-date =style= attribute - ex: =style="color:#ff0000"= - placed in most HTML tags. =span= is an all-purpose choice: =<span style="color:#ff0000">CoLoR</span>=. Only old (like 3.x IE & NS) browsers have a problem with =style=. The code is the _hexadecimal RGB color code_, which is simply Red, Green and Blue values in hex notation (base 16, 0-F). For pure red, the RGB components are 255-0-0 - full red (255), no green or blue. That's FF-0-0 in hex, or ="#ff0000"= for Web page purposes. StandardColors lists basic colors. ----- -- TWiki:Main.PeterThoeny - 15 Aug 2004 %BR% -- TWiki:Main.MikeMannix - 14 Sep 2001 %BR%
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